How Does the Doctor Know if the Lumps Are Not Cancer?

A doctor starts with a physical examination and mammogram, or x-ray
of the breast, because benign breast lumps often look and feel different
from cancerous ones. If the lump turns out to be a cyst, the doctor may
use a small needle to drain the fluid. If the fluid is bloody or appears
unusual in any way, it may be sent to the laboratory for analysis. In most
cases, no other treatment is needed.
If the lump is solid, a biopsy (BY-op-see) is performed. During this
procedure, some or all of the tissue is removed and examined under a
microscope for the abnormal cell shapes and growth patterns that indicate
cancer. Researchers have investigated whether there is a connection
between fibrocystic breast disorder and a woman’s risk for breast cancer
without reaching a conclusion as of the early 2000s.

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