Prevention

Children, adolescents, and young adults can reduce their risk of fractures
by:
  • Wearing proper protective gear for athletic activities and following
    appropriate safety measures.
  • Eating a nutritious diet rich in calcium.
  • Avoiding overexercising and overly restrictive diets. Many female
    athletes develop stress fractures as a result of trying to lose more
    weight than is healthy for them.
  • Not smoking. Smoking slows down the process of bone healing
    after a fracture.
  • Wearing properly fitting shoes, and replacing athletic shoes as soon
    as the soles begin to wear unevenly.
Elderly people need to take special precautions because of the longterm
dangers of fractures resulting from falls:
  • A safety inspection of the house or apartment, checking for slippery
    floors, the lack of hand rails on stairs or in the bathroom,
    poor lighting, loose rugs, and other features that may increase the
    risk of falls.
  • Asking the doctor whether any medications that are prescribed
    have drowsiness or loss of coordination as side effects.
  • Being very careful about alcohol intake. Alcohol can not only
    make people dizzy or lose their balance but also encourage risky
    behaviors that increase the risk of a fall.
  • Wearing shoes with low heels that fit properly, and avoiding
    walking around the home in stocking feet or loose slippers.
  • Keeping bones strong by getting enough calcium and
    vitamin D, and exercising regularly. Women should have a
    bone density test every few years according to their doctor’s
    recommendations.
  • Practicing balance exercises at home to improve flexibility as well
    as balance.
  • Asking the doctor about hip padding. Some doctors recommend it
    as a way to lower the risk of a hip fracture if the person does fall.

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